Deploy ASP.NET Core ke Production: Panduan Azure App Service, VPS Linux, dan Docker

Aplikasi udah jadi, saatnya go live! Di artikel pamungkas series ASP.NET Core ini, kita akan membahas 3 cara deploy aplikasi ke production — dari yang paling managed (Azure App Service) sampai yang paling fleksibel (Docker container).

Persiapan Sebelum Deploy

Checklist Production Readiness

Sebelum deploy, pastikan:

• Environment-based config: appsettings.Production.json terpisah
• HTTPS enabled: app.UseHttpsRedirection() dan HSTS
• Connection string di environment variable atau Azure Key Vault (bukan di config file)
• Logging terkonfigurasi (Application Insights, Serilog, atau file log)
• Error handling: custom error page, jangan tampilkan stack trace
• Database migration strategy: auto-migrate atau manual?
• CORS terbatas ke domain production saja
• Health check endpoint untuk monitoring
• Build di Release mode

Build Production

1
# Build di Release mode
2
dotnet publish -c Release -o ./publish
3

4
# Output: folder ./publish berisi semua file yang siap deploy

Folder publish/ berisi:

• MyApp.dll — compiled application
• MyApp.exe — executable untuk Windows
• web.config — konfigurasi IIS (jika deploy ke Windows)
• wwwroot/ — static files (CSS, JS, images)
• Semua dependency NuGet

Opsi 1: Deploy ke Azure App Service

Azure App Service adalah PaaS (Platform as a Service) — paling simpel, managed sepenuhnya oleh Microsoft.

Deploy via Visual Studio Code

1. Install Azure App Service extension di VS Code
2. Klik kanan folder project → Deploy to Web App
3. Pilih subscription, buat atau pilih App Service
4. Tunggu deploy selesai — aplikasi langsung live

Deploy via Azure CLI

1
# Login ke Azure
2
az login
3

4
# Buat resource group
5
az group create --name MyAppRG --location southeastasia
6

7
# Buat App Service Plan (Linux)
8
az appservice plan create \
9
  --name MyAppPlan \
10
  --resource-group MyAppRG \
11
  --sku F1 \             # Free tier untuk testing
12
  --is-linux
13

14
# Buat Web App
15
az webapp create \
16
  --name my-ngopidulur-app \
17
  --resource-group MyAppRG \
18
  --plan MyAppPlan \
19
  --runtime "DOTNET|8.0"
20

21
# Deploy aplikasi
22
az webapp deployment source config-zip \
23
  --resource-group MyAppRG \
24
  --name my-ngopidulur-app \
25
  --src ./publish.zip

Connection String di Azure

1
# Set connection string sebagai app setting
2
az webapp config appsettings set \
3
  --resource-group MyAppRG \
4
  --name my-ngopidulur-app \
5
  --settings \
6
    "ConnectionStrings__DefaultConnection=Server=tcp:myserver.database.windows.net;..." \
7
    "ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT=Production"

Gunakan format ConnectionStrings__DefaultConnection (double underscore) untuk nested JSON config.

Opsi 2: Deploy ke VPS Linux (Ubuntu + Nginx)

Untuk kontrol penuh dan biaya lebih rendah, deploy ke VPS sendiri.

Step 1: Install .NET Runtime di Server

1
# SSH ke server
2
ssh user@your-vps-ip
3

4
# Install .NET 8 Runtime
5
wget https://packages.microsoft.com/config/ubuntu/22.04/packages-microsoft-prod.deb
6
sudo dpkg -i packages-microsoft-prod.deb
7
sudo apt update
8
sudo apt install -y aspnetcore-runtime-8.0
9

10
# Verifikasi
11
dotnet --list-runtimes

Step 2: Upload & Jalankan Aplikasi

1
# Dari laptop lokal — upload publish folder ke server
2
scp -r ./publish user@your-vps-ip:/var/www/myapp/
3

4
# Di server — jalankan aplikasi
5
cd /var/www/myapp
6
dotnet MyApp.dll --urls "http://localhost:5000"

Step 3: Setup Nginx sebagai Reverse Proxy

1
# Install Nginx
2
sudo apt install -y nginx
3

4
# Buat konfigurasi site
5
sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/myapp

Konfigurasi Nginx:

1
server {
2
    listen 80;
3
    server_name ngopidulur.my.id;
4

5
    location / {
6
        proxy_pass http://localhost:5000;
7
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
8
        proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
9
        proxy_set_header Connection keep-alive;
10
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
11
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
12
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
13
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
14
        proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade;
15
    }
16
}

Aktifkan site:

1
sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/myapp /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
2
sudo nginx -t # test konfigurasi
3
sudo systemctl reload nginx

Step 4: Setup Systemd agar Auto-Start

1
sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/myapp.service

1
[Unit]
2
Description=Ngopidulur ASP.NET Core App
3
After=network.target
4

5
[Service]
6
WorkingDirectory=/var/www/myapp
7
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dotnet /var/www/myapp/MyApp.dll
8
Restart=always
9
RestartSec=10
10
KillSignal=SIGINT
11
SyslogIdentifier=myapp
12
User=www-data
13
Environment=ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT=Production
14
Environment=ASPNETCORE_URLS=http://localhost:5000
15

16
[Install]
17
WantedBy=multi-user.target

1
sudo systemctl enable myapp
2
sudo systemctl start myapp
3
sudo systemctl status myapp

Step 5: SSL dengan Let’s Encrypt

1
sudo apt install -y certbot python3-certbot-plugin
2
sudo certbot --nginx -d ngopidulur.my.id

Opsi 3: Deploy dengan Docker

Docker memberikan portability maksimal — jalan sama persis di development, staging, dan production.

Dockerfile

1
# Stage 1: Build
2
FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/sdk:8.0 AS build
3
WORKDIR /src
4

5
# Copy csproj dan restore
6
COPY *.csproj .
7
RUN dotnet restore
8

9
# Copy semua file dan build
10
COPY . .
11
RUN dotnet publish -c Release -o /app
12

13
# Stage 2: Runtime
14
FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/aspnet:8.0 AS runtime
15
WORKDIR /app
16
COPY --from=build /app .
17

18
# Set environment
19
ENV ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT=Production
20
ENV ASPNETCORE_URLS=http://+:8080
21

22
EXPOSE 8080
23

24
ENTRYPOINT ["dotnet", "MyApp.dll"]

Build & Run

1
# Build image
2
docker build -t myapp:latest .
3

4
# Run container
5
docker run -d \
6
  --name myapp \
7
  -p 8080:8080 \
8
  -e ConnectionStrings__DefaultConnection="..." \
9
  myapp:latest
10

11
# Check logs
12
docker logs myapp

Docker Compose (App + Database + Nginx)

1
version: '3.8'
2

3
services:
4
  app:
5
    build: .
6
    container_name: myapp
7
    environment:
8
      - ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT=Production
9
      - ConnectionStrings__DefaultConnection=Server=db;Database=MyApp;User=sa;Password=YourPassword123!
10
    depends_on:
11
      - db
12
    networks:
13
      - app-network
14

15
  db:
16
    image: mcr.microsoft.com/mssql/server:2022-latest
17
    container_name: myapp-db
18
    environment:
19
      - ACCEPT_EULA=Y
20
      - SA_PASSWORD=YourPassword123!
21
    volumes:
22
      - db-data:/var/opt/mssql
23
    networks:
24
      - app-network
25

26
  nginx:
27
    image: nginx:alpine
28
    container_name: myapp-proxy
29
    volumes:
30
      - ./nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
31
    ports:
32
      - "80:80"
33
      - "443:443"
34
    depends_on:
35
      - app
36
    networks:
37
      - app-network
38

39
volumes:
40
  db-data:
41

42
networks:
43
  app-network:
44
    driver: bridge

1
# Deploy satu perintah!
2
docker-compose up -d

Troubleshooting Deploy

Aplikasi Error 500

1
# Aktifkan detailed error (hanya untuk debugging!)
2
ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT=Development
3

4
# Cek log
5
sudo journalctl -u myapp -f  # Systemd
6
docker logs myapp             # Docker

Nginx 502 Bad Gateway

• Pastikan aplikasi .NET running di port yang benar
• Cek proxy_pass URL di konfigurasi Nginx
• sudo systemctl status myapp — pastikan service running

Database Connection Failed

• Cek connection string — formatnya benar?
• Firewall: port database terbuka?
• Untuk Docker: service name sebagai hostname (bukan localhost)

Rekomendasi Production

Kesimpulan

Deploy ASP.NET Core ke production sekarang jauh lebih mudah dibanding era .NET Framework. Dengan dukungan cross-platform, kamu bisa deploy ke Windows, Linux, container, atau managed cloud — pilih yang paling sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan budget.

Ingat: production readiness dimulai dari development. Terapkan best practices sejak awal, dan deploy kamu akan lancar tanpa drama.

Referensi: The Little ASP.NET Core Book — Nate Barbettini, Microsoft .NET Deployment Documentation

Thanks for reading!

Deploy ASP.NET Core ke Production: Panduan Azure App Service, VPS Linux, dan Docker

Tue Jun 23 2026

840 words · 8 minutes

Teknologi ASPNETCore Deployment Azure Docker Linux Nginx DevOps Production CloudComputing Tutorial

---

© Rifky Awalul Huda | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

Share

Share this article

X (Twitter) Telegram WhatsApp LinkedIn Reddit Facebook Email Copy Link

Close

Close